Application of carbon nanotubes in the new energy vehicles

(Application of carbon nanotubes in the new energy vehicles)

From January 1, 2019, the Luoyang region, even the whole  Henan region began to restrict motor vehicles for the whole year. The  restrictions have been adjusted all the time. However, one thing remains  unchanged. The new energy vehicles are not restricted. As the new energy  vehicles set off a global sales boom. The people’s attention is attracted by the  new energy vehicles.

Definition of carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotube, also known as buckytube, is a  one-dimensional quantum material with special structures (the radial size is  nanometer, the axial size is micron, and both ends of the tube are sealed).  Carbon nanotubes consist of several to dozens of layers of coaxial tubes  composed of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern. There is a fixed  distance between layers, about 0.34nm, the diameter is generally 2~20 nm. The  carbon nanotube can be divided into three types: zigzag, armchair and spiral  according to the different orientation of carbon hexagon along the axis. The  spiral carbon nanotubes are chiral, while the serrated and armchair carbon  nanotubes are not. Carbon nanotubes are generally strong. They are always  applied for concrete rebar.

Application of carbon nanotubes

Carbon  nanotube can be made into a transparent, electrically conductive film which can  replace ITO (indium tin oxide) as the material for touch screens. At present,  the scientist uses the carbon nanotube powder for match to the solution which  can be coated directly onto PET or glass substrates. But the technology is not  yet in mass production. Now, the successful mass production is the use of super  sequential carbon nanotubes technology.

A  composite material with excellent properties can be made by using the properties  of carbon nanotubes. For example, plastic reinforced with carbon nanotubes has  excellent mechanical properties, good electrical conductivity, corrosion  resistance and shielding of radio waves. The carbon nanotube composites made of  cement have good impact resistance, anti-static, abrasion resistance and high  stability, and are not easy to affect the environment. Carbon nanotubes  reinforced ceramic composites have high strength and good impact resistance. Due  to the defect of the five-membered ring on the carbon nanotubes, the reactivity  is enhanced. In the condition of high temperature and other substances, the  carbon nanotubes are easy to open at the end face to form a pipe, which is easy  to be infiltrated by metal and form metal matrix composites with metal. Such  materials have high strength, high modulus, high-temperature resistance, small  coefficient of thermal expansion and strong resistance to thermal  change.

Conclusion:  While the ultracapacitors have numerous advantages, such as faster charging and  discharging. A full charge just need one minute. With long operation life and  low loss, it can charge and discharge hundreds of thousands of times. Even in  cold and low temperature, the performance of capacitors is not affected. But  currently, the energy density of ultracapacitors can not reach the level of  lithium-ion batteries. Now the scientific experts are focusing on the  development of carbon nanotube supercapacitors. In a few words, a ping-pong ball  would spread out over an area the size of a ping-pong ball. But if the ping-pong  ball is made of carbon nanotubes, it would spread out over an area the size of a  football field. Therefore, using carbon nanotubes to make ultracapacitors can  greatly increase the adsorption capacity of ions, that is to say, the energy  density of captors increase. But the cost of ultracapacitor is still very high.  And there are a lot of technical challenges that need to be  overcome.

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(Application of carbon nanotubes in the new energy vehicles)